Polio has been considered eradicated since 2002. In Spain there have been fewer than one case per hundred thousand children over the last decade. But in the UK they will vaccinate one million minors against this disease, as an increase in its presence in wastewater has been detected. Poliovirus is excreted in feces, and therefore wastewater analysis is a measure of the presence of the disease in the community, outside of officially detected and reported cases. in spanish monitored with Acute Flaccid Paralysis Monitoring (PFA), the most severe form of poliovirus infection. But it should be borne in mind that most of these infections go undetected: according to the Spanish Association of Pediatricians (AEP) approx. 95% of polio virus (polio) infections are asymptomatic, and less than 1% cause paralysisinform the Ministry of Health.

The polio surveillance carried out by Spain was recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the disease was thought to have been eradicated. Even so, children in almost all of the first world continue to be vaccinated. In Spain immunized with four doses throughout the life of a minor. In Spain, poliomyelitis is a disease that must be reported immediately, clinical suspicion is sufficient to be notified.

In Spain, poliomyelitis has been a reportable disease since 1904. In 1964, vaccination was started in a campaign with the oral polio vaccine and in 1975 the vaccine was included in the first official childhood vaccination schedule. High coverage is quickly achieved, so The last poliomyelitis endemic case was reported in 1988.

Ten years later, in 1998, Spain joined the goal of eradicating polio in the world and four years later, in 2002, the World Health Organization declared Europe a Polio Free Zone. In 2004, the oral polio vaccine was replaced by an inactivated vaccine. Vaccination coverage exceeds 95% since 1999.

It Recent epidemiological reports on poliomyelitis, Until 2021, it was explained that there were 31 suspected viruses of this type, but all of them were ruled out. Yes indeed, poliovirus type 2 identified in a five-year-old girl from Senegal. For Health, this “demonstrates that while there is a circulation of poliovirus in the world, surveillance and warning systems must remain active to detect and stop potential transmission in time.” Profit no secondary infection.

The AEP explains that “poliovirus, with its three serotypes, It is highly contagious and spreads easily from person to person via the faecal, oral, and respiratory routes. and is responsible for many cases of paralysis and death worldwide.”

Poliomyelitis or infantile paralysis is an acute viral disease causes permanent paralysis, caused by nerve cell damage spinal cord motor.

There is no causal treatment for polio, so it should be limited to symptomatic and supportive measures appropriate to the evolutionary phase. Basically, supportive treatment is carried out with rehabilitation and physiotherapy as well as with respiratory support (tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation) in cases of bulbar paralysis. Symptomatic treatment of constipation and pain (analgesic).